दो ध्रुवीयता का अंत

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दो ध्रुवीयता का अंत 


सोवियत प्रणाली क्या थी ?
 - समाजवादी सोवियत गणराज्य (ussr ) रूस में हुई 1917 की समाजवादी क्रांति के बाद अस्तित्व में आया।
- यह क्रांति पूंजीवादी व्यवस्था के विरोध में हुई थी।
- निजी सम्पति की संस्था को समाप्त करने और समाज को समानता के सिद्धांत सचेत रूप से रचने की सबसे बड़ी कोशिश थी। 
- पार्टी की संस्था को महत्व।
- विपक्ष के लिए कोई जगह नहीं।
- अर्थव्यवस्था योजनाबद्ध तथा राज्य के नियंत्रण में।
- संचार की उच्च प्रणाली
- विशाल ऊर्जा संसाधन

सोवियत प्रणाली की कमियाँ -
- सोवियत प्रणाली पर नौकरशाही का शिकंजा। 
- प्रणाली का सतावादी होना।
- लोकतंत्र और अभिव्यक्ति की आजादी न होना।
- एक दाल यानि कम्यूनिस्ट पार्टी का शासन।
दल का जनता के प्रति जवाबदेह न होना।
संघ के 15 गणराज्यो में रूस का प्रभूत्व।
हथियारों की होड में भारी कीमत चुकाना
बुनियादी ढांचों का वेस्टर्न कन्ट्रीज से पीछे होना।
लोगो की बुनियादी आकांक्षाओं को पूरा न करना।  

सोवियत संघ के विघटन की परिणतियाँ 
- समाजवादी विचारधारा तथा पूँजीवादी विचारधारा के बिच प्रतिस्पर्धा का ख़त्म होना।
- नई शांति की संभावना का जन्म होना।
- विश्व राजनीती में शक्ति संबंध बदल जाना। 
- अमरीका का अकेली महाशक्ति बनना।















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