New Ideas

The treatment of history and hybridity in the poetry of Derek Walcott Derek Walcott presents the faded image of history and hybridity in his poems. In the poem "Names", Walcott raises the questions of the identity. The use of "noun" in the first stanza of the poem "Names" presents the notion of "lack of proper identity". Walcott's parental and maternal grandmothers were black and his grandfathers were white men. This is the reason behind using of "blood of both" in the poem "A far cry from Africa". In the poem "A far cry from Africa", Walcott tries to present the bloodshed and violence between the ethnic group and the conquerors. Walcott shows the history of their culture in this poem. The notion of English language is also significant. In the poem "Goats and Monkeys", Walcott tries to show the 'racial violence ' through the epigraph of the poem. The epigraph of this poem is ta

कुछ तो अपना सा  है सुबह की सूरज की लाली में माँ के हाथो की थाली में कुछ तो अपना सा है शाम की धूमिल निगाहों में उन लाल फुलों के बाँहों में कुछ तो अपना सा है दुनिया के इस नए चेहरे में उम्र के इस पहरे में कुछ तो अपना सा है बहती नदियों के धारो में आसमान के अनन्त ऊंचाई में अनुभव के इस सच्चाई में कुछ तो अपना सा   है

The City-light I am the angel of night. I provide light, to keep you alright. yes, I am the City-light. I see every fight between unknown faces. I am the witness of many cases. I know the dark story of every night. yes, I am the City-light. you don't recognize yourself, but I know myself. you are the nightmare. I am here to take care. you don't hear the sounds of crime because your time is prime. everything seems to illusion. life is lovely fusion. I know the dark story of every night. yes, I am the City-light.

वो मेरे करीब आयी मै बैठा था दूर कहीं वो मेरे करीब आयी । ये खता जो खता न थी वो खता खता बन आयी । मेरे सपने कुछ और ही थे वो सपनो में पंख सी लायी। मै उड़ चला उसी के साथ वो पँख ही तोड़ चली आयी। कभी मेरी भी एक पहचान थी वो कामयाबी सी मेरे पास आयी । चंद दिनों की रौशनी का उजाला जैसे सारी जिंदगी का अँधेरा कर आयी । और क्या बताऊ उसके बारे में खुद को यु छोड़ आयी । मै तो उसमे समां गया वो मुझे ही छोड़  आयी । 

Mary Shelly Frankenstein The novel Frankenstein written by Mary Shelly is a mixture of moral fable, amoral horror, political allegory, science fiction etc. It is published in 1818, reprinted in 1823 and revised in 1831. volume 1 Letter 1 To Mrs. Saville, England In this letter, Walton describes the notion of his success to his sister Margaret. Walton says that he is far north of London. We are the humans and we have a common tendency to know more and more. Walton also wants to know more. He describes the pole as " the pole is the seat of frost and desolation, it ever presents itself to my imagination as the region of beauty and delight". Walton wants to discover a land which never before imprinted by the foot of man. This sentence suggests the notion of discovery for Walton. In this letter, we can find the debate of "Romantic poets as escapist" . "These vision faded when I perused, for the first time, those poets whose effusions entranced my s

ये ख़ामोशी नहीं कुछ और है ये जो तुम यु ही रूठे हो इन तन्हांईयो में यु ही खोये हो उतार दो इस नक़ाब को क्योकि , ये ख़ामोशी नहीं कुछ और है बादलों को यु न देखा करो ये आसमां तुम्हारा है अपने आप को यु छुपाया ना करो ये सारा जहां तुम्हारा है बस , अब बस भी करो क्योकि , ये ख़ामोशी नहीं कुछ और है ये जो लफ्जों के जाल है इनमे क्यों लिपटे हो तुम बाहर निकलो अपने आप से खुद में ही क्यों घुट रहे हो तुम अब तो इन्तहां हो गयी तुम्हारी इस बेतुकी की उतार फेकों इस शिकन को क्योकि, ये ख़ामोशी नहीं कुछ और है

                                                                               THE   POLITICAL  AND  MORAL WORLD PRESENTED  IN  GULLIVER’S  TRAVELS Gulliver’s   travels  satrizes  the  form  of  the  travel narrative,  a  popular  literary  genre type  started  with  RICHARD HAKLUYT’S  in 1589  and  the  experienced  immence popularity  in  18 th  century  England through best selling diaries and first person accounts by explorer such as captain JAMES COOK. In the first part of Gulliver’s Travels a voice to Lilliput, Gulliver narrates human creature who are six inches high. Apart from the height of Lilliputians, they are amazing      “When in an instant I felt above and hundred arrows discharge on my left hand, which pricked me like so many needles and beside, they shot another flight in to the air, as we do Bombs in Europe”                                                 (Part 1 Ch 1) In the part second of Gulliver’s travel a voyage to Brobdingnag, Gulliver’s describe

काश वो वक्त थम जाता जब मैंने पहली बार माँ के हाथो से पहला निवाला खाया था जब मैंने पहली बार पिता के सहारे पहला कदम उठाया था काश वो वक्त थम जाता। जब मैंने पहली बार वो शब्द बोले थे उन मीठे बोलो से माँ को ख़ुशी से रुलाया था दादी मेरे पीछे थी और बढ़ती उम्र उनके पीछे फिर भी वो खेल अनोखा था काश काश वो वक्त थम जाता। जब मैंने पहली बार इस दुनिया से अपने आप को पहचाना था मेरी माँ के आँखों के उन सपनो को अपनी दुनिया जब बनाया था काश काश वो वक्त थम जाता।

Notes of the poem  The Little Black Boy - William Blake The Little Black Boy By William Blake                                             My mother bore me in the southern wild, And I am black, but O! my soul is white; White as an angel is the English child:  But I am black as if bereav'd of light. My mother taught me underneath a tree  And sitting down before the heat of day, She took me on her lap and kissed me, And pointing to the east began to say.  Look on the rising sun: there God does live  And gives his light, and gives his heat away.  And flowers and trees and beasts and men receive Comfort in morning joy in the noonday. And we are put on earth a little space, That we may learn to bear the beams of love,  And these black bodies and this sun-burnt face Is but a cloud, and like a shady grove. For when our souls have learn'd th

Notes of Psychoanalytic criticism (reference  – Critical theory today – A user friendly guide written by Lois Tyson) Psychoanalytic criticism part 1 The origins of unconscious -           The goal of psychoanalysis is to help us resolve our psychological problems, often called disorders or dysfunctions. -           “The unconscious is the storehouse of those painful experiences and emotions, those wounds, fears, guilty desires, and unresolved conflicts we do not want to know because we feel we will be overwhelmed by them”. (Lois Tyson) -           The “birth” of the unconscious lies in the way we perceive our place in the family and how we react to this self – definition: for example, “ I’m the failure”. -           The oedipal conflict – competition with the parent of the same gender for the attention and affection of the parent of the opposite side. -           Sibling rivalry – competition with siblings for the attention and affection of parents.

Analysis of the poem "London" by William Blake London By William Blake                                             I wander thro' each charter'd street, Near where the charter'd Thames does flow.  And mark in every face I meet Marks of weakness, marks of woe. In every cry of every Man, In every Infants cry of fear, In every voice: in every ban, The mind-forg'd manacles I hear  How the Chimney-sweepers cry Every blackning Church appalls,  And the hapless Soldiers sigh Runs in blood down Palace walls  But most thro' midnight streets I hear How the youthful Harlots curse Blasts the new-born Infants tear  And blights with plagues the Marriage hearse   The poem "London" written by William Blake begins with the perception of charter'd street   and charter'd Thames.  The fourth line of the poem refers the weakness of h

Analysis of the poem The Tyger by William Blake The Tyger by William Blake   Tyger Tyger, burning bright,  In the forests of the night;  What immortal hand or eye,  Could frame thy fearful symmetry?  In what distant deeps or skies.  Burnt the fire of thine eyes?  On what wings dare he aspire?  What the hand, dare seize the fire?  And what shoulder, & what art,  Could twist the sinews of thy heart?  And when thy heart began to beat,  What dread hand? & what dread feet?  What the hammer? what the chain,  In what furnace was thy brain?  What the anvil? what dread grasp,  Dare its deadly terrors clasp!  When the stars threw down their spears  And water'd heaven with their tears:  Did he smile his work to see?  Did he who made the Lamb make thee?  Tyger Tyger burning bright,  In the forests of the night:  What immortal hand or eye,  Dare frame thy fearful symmetry? 1 st Stanza -          “Forest of the

Little Lamb                                              By William Blake                                             Little Lamb who made thee           Dost thou know who made thee  Gave thee life & bid thee feed.  By the stream & o'er the mead; Gave thee clothing of delight, Softest clothing wooly bright; Gave thee such a tender voice, Making all the vales rejoice!           Little Lamb who made thee           Dost thou know who made thee           Little Lamb I'll tell thee,          Little Lamb I'll tell thee! He is called by thy name, For he calls himself a Lamb:  He is meek & he is mild,  He became a little child:  I a child & thou a lamb,  We are called by his name.          Little Lamb God bless thee.           Little Lamb God bless thee. - The speaker of the poem is a child who stands with the Lamb. The lyric of the poem is a concerned about that who is creator

The Traveller From the world of flowers to the world of dark light; Through the blue snake, I have travelled; Not only thousand kilometers  Which seem to me the distance between heaven and hell, I have travelled With certain dreams; dreams! It was really a dream but now It has changed into race. A race with no any end Should I go back to my world Where I really belong or Should I continue my travelling to the zenith of this new world? I have made my mind that I have to travel thousand hopes, hundred dreams, ten desires and Again I will find you, my real life I know that a small bird can’t touch the moon But I should thank to you that I have the white light of moon And Now I don’t need anything, means nothing To cover the distance between you and me I have to travel from this lovely evening to next bright evenings To next days, years and finally to new world………………………….

                                                                                                                                 ELAINE SHOWALTER AND THE FEMALE TRADITION According to the Oxford dictionary, the meaning of feminism is “the advocacy of women’s rights on the ground of equality of the sexes”. Feminism is not about only women centered but it is about natural rights of women. Then what are the natural rights of women? The natural right of woman is not a term which used in 21 st century but it is originated in the period of 11 th to 16 th century.                               Why the discussions on feminism become important? There are some facts which indicate our attention towards the discussion on feminism. First, men and women are biologically and physically different. Second, women possess only 1% of land in the world. The possessing of land always relates to men. Third, 80% of refugees around world are women.                     In the 11 th century, women

The Crisis Of The Self: Eliot’s Personae Prufrock And Geronition The title of the poems “The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock” and “Geroniton” present the crisis of the self. In the poem “The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock”, the meaning of the name of the title divides the individual. The name Prufrock can be dividing in two parts. Pru which can be term as Professor, it indicates individual as an intellectual, serious and prudent. The second part of the name Prufrock is Frock which signifies individual as a non-serious and non-intellectual. The difference between the two parts of the name of the title shows the crisis of the self. In the poem “Geronition”, the title is translation of the Greek word for little old man. In the poem “Geronition”, Eliot does not provide a particular name of the individual. This provides the crisis of the self in the poem “Geronition”.  My essay deals with notion of the crisis of the self and analyzes it.               The narrator of the poem “The